In a remarkable testament to resilience and adaptation, the Nkone cattle of Zimbabwe have emerged as a symbol of agricultural sustainability. Originating from King Mzilikazi’s migration in 1840, these cattle have maintained their pure bloodline through over a century of careful breeding, showcasing their ability to thrive in Zimbabwe’s challenging environment.
Ms. Troy Maidwell, an expert in Nkone cattle, highlighted the breed’s historical significance.
“These cattle originally came up with King Mzilikazi in 1840 when he came north with his tribes.”
For more than a century, these animals have been bred internally, preserving their genetic integrity and unique traits.
The Nkone breed’s exceptional qualities were first recognized in 1960 when researchers noted their remarkable survival capabilities.
“The research station saw that these cattle out in the bush were surviving all the diseases, the drought that other cattle were not surviving, and they were very intrigued as to why,” Maidwell explained.
This resilience has led to their official recognition as a registered breed in the Zimbabwe herd book, with four studs across the country dedicated to promoting these remarkable animals.
One of the standout features of the Nkone cattle is their drought and disease tolerance, making them particularly valuable for Zimbabwe’s agricultural landscape. Maidwell emphasized their advantages.
“They are drought tolerant, highly drought tolerant, disease tolerant, smaller framed animals, which means they hold their condition a lot longer, and they’re easier to put condition back onto after hard times.
“Another distinctive characteristic of the Nkone breed is their retained horns, which serve a crucial biological function.
“We keep the horns because the horns have a purpose in their life. A cattle’s horns help regulate their body temperature, so it means they’re less stressed in harsh environments,” Maidwell noted.

This adaptation not only enhances their survival but also contributes to their overall well-being.
For farmers considering livestock investments, the Nkone breed presents a compelling economic proposition.
“These cattle are a good financial investment for our current economic situation. They are financially sound and make a better investment in terms of kilograms per hectare of your property, with low maintenance.”
Their versatility in feeding habits further enhances their cost-effectiveness, as they can graze in the veld, browse trees, and consume pods when necessary.
The Nkone cattle have recently made headlines by setting a new record at the 2025 edition of the Zimbabwe International Trade Fair (ZITF) in Bulawayo, further solidifying their status as a vital asset in Zimbabwe’s agricultural sector.
Adapted through adversity and selected by nature, the Nkone cattle continue to thrive, embodying the spirit of resilience that defines Zimbabwe’s agricultural heritage.